Graphene may completely change the 21st century. According to the analysis of relevant experts, using graphene to replace silicon, computer processors will run hundreds of times faster.
The Twelfth Five-Year Plan for the New Material Industry has pointed out the direction for the future development of many materials in China. This issue will accumulate the essence of the investigation and research of materials science in the previous period, and list the end of the new material research that spans three stages. List.
In 2012, the “Twelfth Five-Year Development Plan for the New Material Industry” issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology included graphene as one of the cutting-edge new materials. The National Science and Technology Major Projects and the National 973 Program have also deployed a number of major projects around graphene. Industry insiders estimate that the scale of graphene can reach more than one trillion yuan in the future.
Another hot new material is carbon fiber and its composite materials.
With the continuous development of low-carbon economy, the demand for carbon fiber products will also continue to rise. Carbon fiber’s high strength, low density, and low linear expansion coefficient make it highly sought after in military fields such as aircraft manufacturing, industrial fields such as automobiles and medical equipment, and sports and leisure fields such as golf clubs and bicycles.
The third new material is light alloy, which mainly includes aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy and titanium alloy. These three light alloys have begun to replace traditional steel and heavy alloys in more and more fields due to their light weight and high strength. According to data, in recent years, the mass-produced military aircraft body and engine titanium in my country accounted for 25% of the total mass, and the F-22 titanium alloy accounted for as much as 41%. It is expected that by 2015, the development of key new alloys will be achieved. A major breakthrough, forming a production capacity of 300,000 tons of high-end aluminum alloy materials, 20,000 tons of high-end titanium alloy materials, and 150,000 tons of high-strength magnesium alloy die-casting and profiles and plates.
The fourth new material is a functional membrane material. According to the Twelfth Five-Year Special Plan for the Development of High-Performance Membrane Materials by the Ministry of Science and Technology, the membrane industry structure is expected to reach a scale of 100 billion yuan by 2015, with an average annual growth rate of 30% during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, and the market prospects are broad.
In addition, carbon nanotubes, superconducting materials, semiconductor materials, smart materials, biological materials and special glass are currently the hottest and most promising new materials.
Among the new materials, graphene is the thinnest, hardest, and strongest new type of nanomaterial found in electrical and thermal conductivity. Graphene is called black gold and is the king of new materials. Scientists even predict that graphene will completely change the 21st century.
Interestingly, the birth of graphene did not use tall science and technology, but two scientists from the University of Manchester in the UK used scotch tape to stick it out of the graphite crystal.
Graphene currently has the most potential to become a substitute for silicon, manufacturing ultra-micro transistors, used to produce future supercomputers. According to the analysis of relevant experts, using graphene to replace silicon, computer processors will run hundreds of times faster. Recently, scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the United States have discovered through research that, under certain circumstances, graphene can be transformed into a topological insulator with unique functions. This research found that it is expected to bring a new method of manufacturing quantum computers.
Secondly, graphene can help the development of supercapacitors and lithium-ion batteries. According to relevant data, the addition of graphene materials can expand the capacity of a capacitor of the same volume by more than 5 times, while the addition of graphene to the electrode of a lithium battery can greatly improve its electrical conductivity. In addition, graphene can also be used in circuits, touch screens, gene sequencing, and the manufacture of wing-like ultralight aircraft, ultra-tough body armor and other fields.
